In the book Rounding the Horn, written by Dallas Murphy, I am pretty sure he says that the east to west, i.e. upwind.., rounding was the only one that "counted", back in the day...
according to Murphy, they didn't consider the downwind rounding to be a real rounding and didn't count it.
Magellan's route - the one he didn't finish- went through two antiodes, and the concept existed long before that..,of course, they didn't have canals, so you are right about that being a requirement as well.
well, the thread title asks for a definition of a "true" circumnavigation - indicating he is looking for something more than just a casual definition - and it turns out, there is a fairly precise definition.
i don't think that anyone here wants to get in an argument with someone who says they...
nor does there need to be.., there can be a definition for cruisers.., a definition for racers.., a definition for geographers.., and so on.
we could also ask whether "sailing around the world" and "circumnavigation" are the same - to me the notion of sailing around the world could be a bit...