Pertinacious Tom
Importunate Member
How Conservatives Learned to Love Free Lawyers for the Poor
Mr. Carroll is pretty clever. I've said I'm glad we have a public defender on the Supreme Court and my reason is that public defenders get a unique, up-close look at how our justice system really works in practice. They've stood on that chair. Some know it isn't right.
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Carroll, who has helped restructure public defense systems in 15 states, has heard reactions like Atkinson’s from many liberal reform advocates. But he says looking at the issue through the lens of big government overreach — or what he calls “the tyranny prism” — may provide results that the left ultimately cannot argue with, even though it means sacrificing a central tenet of their ideology.
“A tyrannical government hurts those with the least voice in the political process first, including the poor and people of color,” Carroll says. “Tyranny explains what people on the left want to explain, that the criminal justice system has disproportionate impacts on people of color.” But conservatives are often hesitant to declare the system racist, he said. “The tyranny prism is a framework that allows conservatives to be at the table, too.”
“I’m not trying to excuse racism. I don’t deny racial disparities, those are facts,” Carroll says. “But people don’t believe, ‘I’m racist.’ So why do you have to force them to go to confession just to start working on this? All it does is drive a wedge and make this impossible.”
David Carroll remembers when he first understood the price poor people paid for not being able to afford a good lawyer. In the mid-90s he had just graduated from college and was in Tennessee, working for a group that studied legal systems for the poor. While sitting in a Memphis courtroom, he watched a public defender standing on a chair to offer the same plea deal to a room full of mostly black defendants.
This, he knew, was not what the Supreme Court had intended in 1963 when it ruled in Gideon v. Wainwright that defendants facing felony charges had a right to a lawyer even if they couldn’t afford one. Later, the right was extended to anyone facing jail time. But in practice, that promise is broken time and again. Without direction from the court, states have developed a hodgepodge of systems, from state- and county-run public defender offices to contracts with private attorneys and nonprofits.
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Mr. Carroll is pretty clever. I've said I'm glad we have a public defender on the Supreme Court and my reason is that public defenders get a unique, up-close look at how our justice system really works in practice. They've stood on that chair. Some know it isn't right.